Gold (GC) - Real-Time Prices

Sub-Saharan Africa Gold Production

Sub-Saharan Africa is a major gold-producing region, accounting for approximately 20% of global gold production. Key producers include South Africa (historically the world's largest), Ghana, Tanzania, Mali, and Burkina Faso.

Major Producers (2024)

• Ghana: 130 tons/year - 3rd largest in Africa, 9th globally
• South Africa: 100 tons/year - Declining from historic peak of 1,000 tons (1970)
• Tanzania: 45 tons/year - Growing rapidly with new discoveries
• Mali: 65 tons/year - 3rd largest in Africa
• Burkina Faso: 60 tons/year - Rising producer

Price Drivers

• US Dollar Strength: Gold priced in USD - strong dollar = lower gold prices
• Central Bank Demand: African central banks increasing gold reserves
• Geopolitical Uncertainty: Gold as safe-haven asset
• Inflation Hedge: Inverse correlation with real interest rates
• Mine Supply: African production constraints can affect global supply

Volatility Profile

Exporting Gold from Africa

Gold exports are heavily regulated due to high value and money laundering risks. Requirements vary by country:

Ghana

• ✓ Export license from Minerals Commission
• ✓ Assay certificate from Precious Minerals Marketing Company (PMMC)
• ✓ Export permit from Ghana Revenue Authority
• ✓ Certificate of origin
• ✓ Export duty: 3% (raw gold), 1% (refined gold)

Tanzania

• ✓ Export license from Ministry of Minerals
• ✓ Certificate from Tanzania Mineral Audit Agency (TMAA)
• ✓ Export royalty: 6% (gross value at mine gate)
• ✓ Clearing and forwarding fees: 1-2%

South Africa

• ✓ Registration with South African Diamond and Precious Metals Regulator
• ✓ Export permit from Department of Mineral Resources
• ✓ Zero-rated VAT for exports
• ✓ Royalty: 0.5% (refined) to 5% (unrefined)

Importing Gold

• HS Code: 7108 (Gold, unwrought or semi-manufactured)
• Import Duty: 0-10% depending on destination country and form (raw vs refined)
• VAT: 16-18% (many countries zero-rate gold imports)
• Licensing: Import license required in most countries for anti-money laundering compliance

Secure Transport Requirements

• Insurance: Comprehensive cargo insurance required (typically 1-2% of value)
• Security: Armed escort recommended for road transport in some regions
• Packaging: Sealed containers with tamper-evident seals
• Documentation: Chain of custody records, assay certificates, export permits

Typical Freight Costs

Note: Costs exclude insurance (typically 1-2% of gold value), export duties, and customs clearance fees.